Structural and functional decay of neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is one of the important factor in the psychopathology of depression and related disorders. The patients taking the currently available antidepressant drugs for treatment these disorders are not much potent in giving immediate beneficial effects. David Olson, Calvin Ly and colleagues investigated the biologic actions of a class of drugs that can more potentially be counteracted by compounds capable of promoting structural and functional neural plasticity in the PFC. They formulated a new class of drugs, the psychoplastogens which includes the compounds like ketamine and some serotonergic psychedelics and entactogens. Through their experiment, they found that these compounds are very potent in inducing neuroplasticity by promoting neuritogenesis and/or spinogenesis and it is achieved by stimulation of a special type of neurotrophic protein called mTOR protein, leaving the exact mechanism behind mTOR stimulation is still unclear.