MicroRNAs are extensive, small, non-protein-coding RNA molecule and endogenous in small regulator’s RNAs which consist of 20-24 nucleotide and that have been important for many physiological and developmental processes. miRNAs are found in plants, animals and as well as in some viruses also. As the population is increasing so that the food production is need to be doubled by year 2050. It is necessary to improve the crop requirements or their quality and quantity. In this review paper we will discussed the dynamic pathway of biogenesis in miRNAs and the possibility of using these miRNAs for crop improvement through genome editing or through negative regulation that expressed the gene involved in post transcriptional regulation either by promoting the degradation of target mRNA in mRNA cleavage by perfect complementary or in translation Suppression by partial complementary. A common fuction of miRNA is control of gene expression by regulating some features that are - Transcription factor; stress response protein; proteins that impact development, growth and physiology of plant. Capitalized miRNA is a mature form which denote as “miR”, Ex- miR156 in switchgrass, regulate the increased biomass, starch and digestibility; while the uncapitalized “mir” refers to the pre-miRNA and pri-miRNA which is in immature form in the nucleus. As the miRNA play a very crucial role in the plant growth and development thereby, it is also responsible for the various stresses like biotic stresses and abiotic stresses, disease resistance, heat tolerance, hormonal signal transduction etc. In this review we discuss the importance and role of molecular breeding in plants.